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The AI data broker business model: how the money moves, and when

Last checked: 8 October 2026. Buyer figures as published, checked 7 October 2026.

An AI data broker finds companies that hold records of real work and connects them with the data companies that license those records for AI training. This page sets out how that business makes money, what it costs, when money arrives and where it goes wrong, using only figures the buyers publish. It is not about people-search data brokers, and it promises no income.

3 modelsreferral fees, seller-side success fees and resale
$10K to $50Kpublished referral amounts, per closed deal
60 to 90 daysto close a deal, as practitioners cite
After closeno published fee is paid for an introduction alone

Already have a target? Qualify it against buyer rules in about 20 seconds, free.

First, the boundary

Two businesses share the name. This page covers one of them.

Most writing about the data broker business model is about people-search and consumer data brokers: companies that compile information about individuals from public records, purchased lists and online sources, then sell profiles, lists or search access. That business is regulated in a growing number of places and is built on data about people who never agreed to be in it. This page does not advise on it in any way. If your plan involves compiling or selling information about individuals, stop here and talk to a lawyer.

The AI data broker is a newer and narrower role. It works with companies, not with profiles of people. A company that has operated for years holds records of real work: support tickets, process documents, project histories, code and the messages around them. Data companies such as micro1, Mode and Grepped license that kind of record, prepare it and supply it to AI labs. The broker's job is to find companies that fit those buyers' published rules and connect the two sides. Every model below starts from that job. The four roles in the market are described in what is an AI data broker; this page is about the money.

Not covered

People-search data broker

What it sells
Profiles and lists of individuals: names, addresses, phone numbers, histories
Where the data comes from
Public records, purchased lists and online sources, usually without the person's involvement
Who pays
Whoever buys the profiles or the search access
On this page
Nothing. We give no advice on this business.
This page

AI data broker

What it does
Connects a company that owns work records with a buyer that licenses them for AI training
Where the data comes from
The company itself, under its own agreement with the buyer
Who pays
The buyer program (referral), the selling company (success fee) or the broker's own customers (resale)
On this page
Revenue, costs, timing, unit economics, pipeline, tools, legal questions and risks
Revenue

Three ways an AI data broker gets paid

Every AI data broker business runs on one of three revenue models, or a mix of them. They differ in who pays, when, and how much of the deal you carry yourself. The further you move from introducing toward holding data, the more of the deal's risk becomes yours.

Lowest exposure

Referral fees

The buyer pays you for introducing a company that goes on to sign. As published, checked 7 October 2026: micro1 earn $50,000 per referred company, with no cap; Mode Earn $50K per referral on its site, and on X up to $55k or 6%; Grepped Refer for another $10K.

You never see the data and you do not negotiate. The buyer runs review, contract, export and payment.

Paid by
The buyer program
Paid when
After the close and the program's own conditions
You hold
An introduction and the company's consent
Medium exposure

Seller-side success fees

The selling company pays you, under your own written agreement, for preparing it and taking it to buyers. No program publishes a standard rate, so the fee is whatever you and the company agree, usually tied to the close.

You owe duties to your client, you often see samples under NDA, and if a buyer also pays you a referral fee you are paid by both sides of the same deal.

Paid by
The selling company
Paid when
As your agreement says, usually after the company is paid
You hold
Often samples under NDA
Highest exposure

Resale

You license or buy data from a company, then license it on to your own customers. In theory you keep the spread between what you pay and what you sell for.

In practice you hold the data, pay or commit before you are paid, and give warranties to customers on records you did not create. It is a data business, not a side project.

Paid by
Your own customers
Paid when
After you acquire, prepare and deliver
You hold
The data itself, end to end
ModelWho pays youPublished amountsWhen money arrivesCapital at risk
ReferralThe buyer program, under its referral termsmicro1 "earn $50,000"; Mode "$50K per referral" (on X: "up to $55k or 6%"); Grepped $10KAfter the close plus program conditions. micro1: after onboarding plus a minimum revenue thresholdYour time and your tools
Success feeThe selling company, under your own agreementNone published; agreed case by caseAs your agreement says, usually after the company is paidTime, tools and the legal review of your own agreement
ResaleYour own customersNone published for resale. Company payout ranges show what buyers pay owners directlyAfter you deliver and your customer acceptsThe purchase price, storage, security, de-identification, insurance and legal work

Buyer figures as published, checked 7 October 2026. A post on X is not a contract: which basis applies is set by each program's own terms. Program by program details: data referral programs.

Why resale carries the most risk

Resale is the only model in which the broker becomes a data business. That changes five things at once, and each of them is a cost a referrer never carries.

  1. You pay first. A referrer's cost is time. A reseller pays a company, or commits to pay it, before any customer has paid the reseller. If no customer buys, the loss is the whole purchase price.
  2. You hold records about people. Work records contain employee names, customer emails and client details. Holding them brings privacy, security and deletion duties, and some US state registration rules for data brokers may start to matter once personal data is in your hands.
  3. You sit between two contracts. Every warranty you give a customer has to be backed by one you received from the company. Any gap between the two is yours to pay for.
  4. You compete with the buyers you would sell to. Buyer programs already license directly from companies and publish what they pay: micro1 "$100K-$2M+ for approved data packages", Mode "$100K-$5M", Grepped "$20K-$5M", and Miro Advisory $100K-$1M+ for operating datasets and $10K-$1M+ for codebases. A reseller has to offer those buyers something a direct deal does not.
  5. Raw data is the cheapest layer. Practitioners say raw data sells for the least, evaluations are worth about 10x raw, and full environments reach 6 to 8 figures. A reseller that passes raw records along sits at the bottom of that chain. Moving up it means building evaluations or environments, which is the data companies' own business. See raw data vs evaluations vs environments.
If you are weighing resale, treat it as starting a regulated data company, with counsel, security and insurance in place before the first record arrives. This page goes no further on it. The rest is written for referral and success-fee work, where the broker introduces and never carries the data.
Market size

How much money do data brokers make? What is actually published

Nobody publishes what independent AI data brokers or referrers earn, and we make no claim about any individual's income. What is published is how large the market is, what buyers pay companies, and what they pay per referral.

$8.5Babout the revenue of 50+ companies that sell data and RL environments to labsMarket map, Deedy Das, July 2026
75%of that revenue held by four companies: Scale, Surge, Mercor and HandshakeSame market map
$10MGoogle agreed to pay for bankrupt Spirit Airlines' internal data; micro1 filed a $12.5M competing bidAugust 2026; approval not confirmed as of 7 October 2026
$10K to $100Kper archive deal in the shut-down startup market, and about $5,000 per code repositoryAs Troveo cites

Two pieces of arithmetic come straight out of those figures. First, the market is concentrated. If four companies hold 75% of about $8.5B, the remaining quarter, roughly $2.1B, is shared by the other 46 or more. A broker does not get a share of that revenue. A broker gets a fee from a buyer's sourcing budget, one closed deal at a time.

Second, the referral fee is large next to the bottom of each company range. In the published numbers of all three referral programs, the referral amount is exactly half of the floor: $50K against micro1's $100K, $50K against Mode's $100K, $10K against Grepped's $20K. Keep that in mind when reading qualifying conditions such as micro1's minimum revenue threshold: a flat amount is paid only on deals that meet the program's own bar, not on every signature.

The archive market is the context, not the product. Forbes (16 April 2026), Fast Company and Gizmodo covered startups selling old Slack and email after shutting down. We do not sell a shut-down or wind-down list; every Data Asset Score shows a company's activity status instead.

Market figures are estimates from the sources named, not audited numbers. Buyer figures as published, checked 7 October 2026.

Costs

What the business costs before any fee arrives

In this business, revenue is late and uncertain while costs are early and certain. Four cost lines matter, and every one of them grows as you move from referral toward resale.

Time

The largest cost, and the one nobody pays back. Researching companies, checking fit, getting consent from someone authorized, writing the introduction and following up all happen before any close. Every introduction that does not close is unpaid. Put a value on your own hours before you put one on anything else.

Tools

Research, lists and record keeping. Our Data Asset Score plans are $99 a month (Basic, 5,000 lookups), $299 (Pro, 25,000 lookups plus company lists) and $799 (Scale, 100,000 lookups, lists and bulk CSV). A single sector list bought once is $249, with no monthly fee. The demo and the check against buyer rules are free. Add whatever you use to track introductions.

Legal advice

A lawyer's read of each program's terms, of any seller agreement you sign, and of your own setup: entity, tax, disclosure, and whether any registration rule touches what you do. Costs vary by place and scope, so get a quote before you start rather than after a problem.

Data handling risk

Close to zero if you never hold data, which is the point of introducing rather than carrying. The moment you accept samples or files, you take on security, privacy and confidentiality duties, and an incident becomes yours. In resale it is the main cost line, not a footnote.

Cost lineReferralSuccess feeResale
Time per companyResearch, qualifying, consent, introduction and follow-upAll of that, plus preparing the company and negotiating for itAll of that, plus acquiring, preparing and selling the data
ToolsResearch and record keepingResearch, records and a secure place for samples under NDAResearch, records, secure storage and de-identification
Legal adviceProgram terms, tax and disclosureYour client agreement, conflicts and NDA dutiesLicenses in and out, warranties, privacy compliance and possible registration
CapitalRunning costs onlyRunning costs onlyPayment or commitment to the company before your customer pays
Data handlingNone, if you never take dataSamples under NDAFull custody of the records

Plan prices from the pricing page, last checked 8 October 2026. Legal and time costs are yours to estimate; no figure here would be honest.

Timing

When the money moves: costs on day one, fees after the close

Timing is the part of the model new brokers underestimate most. Every published referral amount is paid per qualifying closed deal, never per introduction. Here is the order of events, and which way money flows at each step.

  1. Sourcing and qualifying

    You pick companies, score them and check them against the published rules. This is where most of your hours go, and nobody has agreed to anything yet.

    Money out: time and toolsMoney in: none
  2. Introduction, with consent

    Someone authorized at the company agrees, and you submit it through the program's own referral process. From here on, the buyer controls the pace.

    Money out: timeMoney in: none
  3. Buyer review and NDA

    The buyer checks fit against its rules and reviews a manifest and samples. Many companies stop here. An introduction that stops here earns nothing, however much work went into it.

    Money in: none
  4. Agreement and close

    Scope, price, exclusivity and liability are negotiated between the company and the buyer. Practitioners cite 60 to 90 days for a deal to close. That is the earliest point at which any fee can be earned.

    Fee possible, not yet earned
  5. The program's own conditions

    micro1, for example, pays referral fees after onboarding plus a minimum revenue threshold. A close is necessary, not sufficient, and these conditions add time after it.

    Waiting on the buyer
  6. Payout, at the buyer's discretion

    micro1's terms give it sole discretion over referral payouts. A success fee from a seller arrives when your own agreement says, usually after the company has been paid.

    Money in: possible
  7. Clawback window

    micro1's terms allow clawbacks. A fee that has arrived can still be reclaimed under the terms, so treat it as settled only when the terms say it is, and keep the tax on it aside until then.

    Paid, still reversible
micro1's referral terms in four lines, as published, checked 7 October 2026: payouts at micro1's sole discretion; clawbacks allowed; no sharing payouts with the referred company; no presenting yourself as micro1's partner. Other programs publish their own terms, and they govern, not a summary. Read each one in full; our data referral programs page lists what each publishes side by side.
Unit economics

A worked example, built only from published figures

Unit economics for a broker come down to three numbers: the fee per qualifying close, the cost of running the business for a period, and the number of closes in that period. The first two are published or knowable. The third is not, and we do not invent it.

No program publishes how many introductions turn into a close, and any win rate quoted for this market is a guess. So the example below shows the arithmetic at zero closes and at one close, the only two cases we can state without making up a conversion rate. It is illustrative: not a forecast, not an offer and not a description of anyone's earnings.

one-year-as-a-referrer, Pro planExample
LineAt a $10,000 fee (Grepped, as published)At a $50,000 fee (micro1 or Mode's site, as published)
Published fee per qualifying close$10,000$50,000
Pro plan for 12 months, at $299 a month$3,588$3,588
Of which paid before the earliest close (60 to 90 days, about 2 to 3 months)$598 to $897$598 to $897
Result at zero closesa loss of $3,588, plus your timea loss of $3,588, plus your time
Result at one close that clears$10,000 less $3,588 = $6,412, before tax, advice and your time$50,000 less $3,588 = $46,412, before tax, advice and your time
Result at one close, later clawed backa loss of $3,588, plus your timea loss of $3,588, plus your time
Illustrative arithmetic only. Fees as published, checked 7 October 2026; plan price last checked 8 October 2026. Not included: your time, legal advice, tax, and anything a program withholds at its discretion. A fee is paid only if a company signs and the program's conditions are met.

Choose the plan by volume, not by hope

The same arithmetic shows why the plan should follow the work you actually do. Here is a year of each plan as a share of one published fee. The bigger the share, the more of a single close the tools would consume.

PlanPer monthPer yearShare of one $10,000 feeShare of one $50,000 fee
Basic$99$1,18811.9%2.4%
Pro$299$3,58835.9%7.2%
Scale$799$9,58895.9%19.2%

Arithmetic from published prices and published fees. Last checked: 8 October 2026. With zero closes, each plan is simply its annual cost.

Flat fees and percentages behave differently

Under a flat fee, deal size does not change what you are paid. Read as a flat fee, micro1's published "earn $50,000" would pay the same on a $100,000 deal and on a $2M deal: 50% of the first, 2.5% of the second. Against Mode's published "$100K-$5M" the same $50K runs from 50% down to 1%, and Grepped's $10K against "$20K-$5M" runs from 50% down to 0.2%. Each program's own terms say how its amount is set for a given referral.

Under a percentage basis, such as the 6% in Mode's post on X, the fee moves with the deal: 6% of $100,000 is $6,000, and 6% only reaches $55,000 on a deal of about $917,000. Which basis applies to a given referral is set by Mode's own terms and site, not by a post and not by this page.

What the arithmetic says. With flat fees, a broker's lever is how well each introduction fits the published rules, not how large a deal might become. With zero closes the business is pure cost. Plan your finances as if the number of closes is zero, and treat a fee as income only once it has cleared.

Pipeline

The pipeline: sourcing, qualifying, introducing, following up

A broker's pipeline has four stages. Each one has a job, an output and a record worth keeping, because the record is what shows when and how an introduction was made if a payout is decided months later.

Sourcing

Find companies likely to hold the records buyers want. Start from a segment rather than a hunch: a list ranked by Data Asset Score, or companies you already know, scored one at a time.

Output: a short list with a score, a grade, the data each company likely holds, its history and its activity status.

Qualifying

Compare each company with the published rules. micro1 lists 30+ employees (its referral posting says 30 to 200), US first, primarily English. Mode lists 20+ full-time US office employees, 10+ for accounting firms, 6+ for law firms, with several years of records. Grepped lists any vertical.

Output: a likely, possible or unlikely fit per program, with the facts behind it.

Introducing

Get consent from someone authorized at the company. Tell them you may be paid if they sign, that they are not charged, and that the buyer decides everything. Submit through the program's own referral process, and never present yourself as the buyer's partner.

Output: a dated record of who agreed, when, and through which link.

Following up

Stay out of the negotiation, but keep your record current: review, agreement, close, program conditions, payout and the clawback window. Ask the company, not the buyer, how things stand, and only as often as is reasonable.

Output: a status per company and the date you will next look at it.

pipeline boardExample

Sourced

acme-assay.exampleData Asset Score 71, grade BActive, online since 1998Likely data: lab and study records, SOPs

Qualified

harbor-cpa.exampleMode: likely (18 staff stated, 10+ for accounting)micro1: unlikely (30+)Grepped: possible

Introduced

ridgeline-soft.exampleConsent: COO, 2 SeptemberSubmitted through the program's referral processInterest disclosed: none held

Following up

summit-freight.exampleBuyer review under wayNext look: 15 OctoberNo fee until close and conditions
Example board with fictional companies, scores and dates. Not real firms, not results and not offers. The board deliberately shows no conversion counts.
Where tools fit

Where our tools fit in the pipeline

Sell Data to AI sells research tools for the first two stages: deciding which companies to look at and whether each one fits. The tools do not introduce anyone, contact anyone or close anything.

Data Asset Score

Scores any company 0 to 100 for the data AI buyers want, with a grade, the data it likely holds, its history and its activity status: active, winding down or acquired, parked, or unreachable. Built on our index of 102 million domains, 99.99% of the active internet, with domain history, across nine factor groups: history, scale, knowledge assets, operational systems, customer systems, organization, industry value, expertise and activity status.

Free demo, limited per day.

Company lists

Ready lists for 20 US sectors, from labs and CROs to law firms, accounting firms and marketing agencies. Every company is verified active: the domain resolves, is not expired, is not parked and shows no error or placeholder page. Each list has a free preview with the top 5 visible, such as the labs and CROs preview, and the list hub shows live counts.

Buy a list once from $249 as a CSV snapshot, or keep lists current on Pro through the API as JSON, up to 100 companies per call, with paging. Scale adds the one-file bulk CSV export and new segments on request.

API

REST and JSON, with your key in an X-API-Key header. Score the companies already in your own records, or page through a sector list into your own tracker.

The key appears in your dashboard after payment, not by email. API documentation.

Check against buyer rules

Free. Reads a company's public pages and compares team size, location, history and systems with the published rules of micro1, Mode and Grepped, quoting the sentences it relied on.

Qualify a target in about 20 seconds before you ask anyone for consent.

PlanPriceLookups a monthCompany listsBulk CSVSuits a broker who
Basic$99 a month5,000NoNoscores companies already known, one at a time. Choose Basic
Pro$299 a month25,000Yes, through the APINoworks one or more of the 20 sector lists and wants them current. Choose Pro
Scale$799 a month100,000YesYes, plus new segments on requestruns a sourcing team or loads a CRM in bulk. Choose Scale
One-time lists$249 for 1 listNoneYes, as a CSV downloadYes, a snapshot with no updateswants one sector list, or a few, without a monthly plan. 2 lists $449, 3 lists $599, 5 lists $899, each further list +$110, all 20 lists $2,490. Buy lists

Last checked: 8 October 2026. Payment by PayPal or card. For one-time lists, download links appear right after payment and are also emailed, valid 30 days with 5 downloads per file. Full details on the pricing page.

What the tools never give you: contacts, named people, emails or phone numbers. Everything is company level. A score is an estimate from public signals: not a valuation, not an offer, and not proof that a company wants to sell. Activity status shows whether a company is active, winding down or acquired, parked or unreachable. We do not sell a wind-down or shut-down list.
Starting out

How to start a data broker business on the AI side: the first 90 days

The conduct rules for referrers are on how to become an AI data broker. This is the business side: the order in which to set things up so costs stay small until you know whether your introductions close.

  1. Pick one model and write it down. Referral, success fee or resale. Mixing them on the same deal creates conflicts you then have to disclose and manage, so start with one. For most people starting out, that is referral.
  2. Read every program's terms in full, then take your questions to counsel. The headline amount is the least important line. Discretion, clawbacks, conduct rules and who may take part decide whether a fee is ever paid. The questions to ask are listed below.
  3. Set a cost ceiling for 90 days. Practitioners cite 60 to 90 days to close a deal, and program conditions come after that, so assume no fee in the first quarter. Decide what you will spend on tools and advice before you start, and use the free demo and the free check first.
  4. Pick one sector. A sector you understand produces better introductions than a broad sweep. There are ready lists for 20 US sectors, and each has a free preview that shows what the list contains before you pay for anything. If yours is labs, CROs and life-science companies, start with the labs and CROs preview.
  5. Qualify before you contact. Run each target through the check against buyer rules. Drop the unlikely fits. They cost the company's time and your reputation, and they earn nothing.
  6. Introduce a few, with consent, and keep dated records. Introductions work best where you already have a relationship. Note who agreed, when, and through which link.
  7. Review at day 90. Count introductions, reviews and closes, and decide whether to continue, change sector or stop. Your own numbers are the only win rate that means anything for your business.
Risks

The risks, roughly in the order they appear

None of these depends on any one buyer. They follow from how the model works: someone else decides, someone else pays, and money arrives last.

No close

Most of the work goes into introductions that do not close, and none of it is paid. That is the base case to plan around, not the exception.

Buyer discretion

Fit, price, acceptance and payout decisions sit with the buyer. micro1's terms state sole discretion over referral payouts.

Clawbacks

A fee that has been paid can be reclaimed under micro1's terms. Spending it early turns a reversal into debt.

Timing you do not control

60 to 90 days to close, then the program's conditions. After the introduction, you control nothing in that sequence.

Terms change

Programs can change amounts, rules and who qualifies. Every figure on this page is as published on a date, not a standing promise.

Concentration

Three of the programs we follow publish referral amounts. A broker who relies on one carries that program's every decision as a single point of failure.

Conflicts

A success fee from the seller and a referral fee from the buyer on one deal puts you on both sides. Disclose, check the terms, and ask counsel.

Holding data

Accepting samples or files turns a referral business into a data business, with duties you may not be set up to meet.

Reputation

Quoting the top of a range, promising acceptance, or mass outreach to companies you do not know damages the trust every introduction depends on.

The cheapest risk control is a good fit. An introduction that meets every published rule wastes nobody's time, even if it never closes. Run the free check against buyer rules first, then compare programs on the buyer programs comparison.
FAQ

Questions about the data broker business model

How do data brokers make money?

On the AI side, in one of three ways: a referral fee paid by a buyer program after a company you introduced signs and meets the program's conditions; a success fee paid by a selling company under your own written agreement; or the spread on data you license and resell. People-search data brokers, which sell profiles of individuals, are a different business that this page does not cover or advise on.

How much money do data brokers make?

Nobody publishes what independent AI data brokers earn, and we make no claim about anyone's income. What is published is per closed deal: micro1 "earn $50,000", Mode "$50K per referral" (on X, "up to $55k or 6%") and Grepped "Refer for another $10K", as published, checked 7 October 2026. At the market level, a July 2026 market map by Deedy Das counts 50+ companies selling data and RL environments to labs, with about $8.5B in revenue and 75% of it held by Scale, Surge, Mercor and Handshake.

What is the business model of an AI data broker?

Finding companies that hold records of real work, checking them against buyers' published rules and connecting them with those buyers. The broker is paid by the buyer (a referral fee), by the seller (a success fee) or by its own customers (resale). The costs are time, tools, legal advice and, for anyone who holds data, data handling risk. Revenue arrives only after a deal closes.

How do I start a data broker business?

Pick one revenue model, read every program's terms in full, take your legal questions to a lawyer, set a cost ceiling for the first 90 days, focus on one sector, qualify each target against the published rules before you contact it, and introduce only with consent from someone authorized at the company. Then review your own numbers at day 90.

When does an AI data broker get paid?

After the deal closes and the program's own conditions are met, never for an introduction alone. Practitioners cite 60 to 90 days for a deal to close. micro1 pays referral fees after onboarding plus a minimum revenue threshold, at its sole discretion, and its terms allow clawbacks.

Do I need to register as a data broker?

Some US states have registration rules for data brokers, but they apply mainly to businesses that collect and sell personal information about consumers. Whether any of them reaches your activity depends on where you operate and whether you ever handle personal data. Ask a lawyer. This is general information, not legal advice.

Why is reselling data the riskiest model?

Because the reseller pays or commits before it is paid, holds records that contain personal and confidential information, gives warranties to its customers on data it did not create, and competes with buyer programs that already license directly from companies. Raw data is also the cheapest layer: practitioners say evaluations are worth about 10x raw.

Can your tools give me contacts or tell me who wants to sell?

No. Everything is company level: no contacts, named people, emails or phone numbers. A Data Asset Score is an estimate from public signals, not a valuation, not an offer and not proof that a company wants to sell. The free check compares a company's public pages with the published rules of micro1, Mode and Grepped.

Start with the research, not the pitch

Score a company in the free demo, qualify it against buyer rules for free, and choose a plan only when your volume needs one. Company-level data only, and no promise of any fee.

Disclosure: Sell Data to AI is independent and sells the research tools described on this page. It is not a partner, agent or representative of any buyer, and it never receives company data.